Based on APA 7^th ed. (https://apastyle.apa.org/)

On Citations

APA citations follow the "author, year" format. Direct quotations must always state the page or section where the text is taken from.

For example:

"No hay evidencia de una relación entre estos fenómenos" (López, 2018, p. 15).

If the text has more than 40 words, use a block quote, reducing the font size by one point:

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate así que no hay evidencia de una relación entre estos fenómenos. (López, 2018, p. 14-15)

For an indirect quote or paraphrase, if the location of the idea in the original text is not accurate or specific, there is no need to state the page.

For example:

It has been claimed that these phenomena are not related (López, 2018).

As claimed by López (2018) these phenomena are not related (p. 15).

If the article or book has two authors, use "and" (López and Heredia, p. 15), but if there are three authors or more, use "et al." (López et al., 2018, p. 15). If referring to two articles or books or more, separate the sources with a semicolon (López, 2018, p. 15; Miranda, 2020, p. 120-122).

If the author has two articles or books of the same year, they are distinguished with a lower case (López, 2018a) and (López, 2018b) and so on and so forth.

If the institutional author has an acronym, in the first mention the full name is included (World Health Organization, 2018) and the acronym (OMS, 2018) in the second mention and in any subsequent mentions.

To mention a website in general, it is not necessary to create a reference; instead, include the name of the web page in the text and state the URL in parentheses.

Datos que el INE (https://www.ine.gob.cl/) actualiza todos los años.

On References

Each citation requires a reference, and vice versa. There can be no reference without a citation. If you wish to recommend readings, mention them in the footnotes, and then include them in the list of references.

The list of references will be presented alphabetically and then chronologically, with French indentation. If author(s) and year coincide, they are ordered using lower case, for example: 2023a, 2023b…

Include all authors up to the 20^th, avoid using SS.AA. or et al. in the references.

Sections other than the bibliography will include a list of regulations and caselaw cited, if any.

Format of Bibliographical References

Book, report, or other monograph

Surnames, N. and Surname, N. (role). (year). Book title in italics: Subheading in italics (edition number other than the first one). Publishing House.

Eyzaguirre, J. (2022). Historia del derecho (21^st ed.). Universitaria.

Barrientos, F. y Del Villar, L. (Dirs.). (2021). Interés general, las negociaciones extrajudiciales y juicios colectivos en el derecho del consumo. Thomson Reuters.

Book chapter

Surname, N. of chapter author (year). Title of chapter: Subheading. In N. Surname of coordinator/editor of book (Coord./ Ed./Eds.), Title of book in italics: Subheading in italics (No. ed., Vol., pp. first page-last page). Publishing House.

Carrasco Poblete, J. (2021). La vigencia de las denuncias por interés general de los consumidores, después de reforma de la Ley 21.081. En F. Barrientos y L. Del Villar (Dirs.), Interés general, las negociaciones extrajudiciales y juicios colectivos en el derecho del consumo (pp. 3-32). Thomson Reuters.

Academic journal article

Surname, N. (year). Article title: Subheading. Full title of the journal in italics, volume in italics (No.), first page-last page of article. https://doi.org/xxxxxx

Delgado Ramos, D. (2023). Parlamento versus Tribunal Constitucional: ¿puede el Tribunal suspender la tramitación de un procedimiento legislativo? Notas críticas sobre el auto 177/2022, de 19 de diciembre. Foro. Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas, 25(2), 355-377. https://doi.org/10.5209/foro.90775

Press, blogs, and magazines

Surname, N. (year, rest of the note’s date). Article heading. Name of the source in italics. URL

Carreño, L. (2020, 9 de febrero). La disputa gremial por los aranceles a las prendas de vestir. El Espectador. https://www.elespectador.com/economia/la-disputa-gremial-por-los-aranceles-las-prendas-de-vestir-articulo-903768

Ongay, J. (2018, 8 de septiembre). El síndrome del correcaminos… O el error de olvidar los logros. Sintetia. https://www.sintetia.com/el-sindrome-del-correcaminos-o-el-error-de-olvidar-los-logros/  

Dissertations

Published:

Surname, N. of dissertation author. (year). Title of dissertation in italics [type of dissertation, University]. Name of the database or repository. DOI or URL

Fernández González, A. (2010). La inteligencia emocional como variable predictora de adaptación psicosocial en estudiantes de la Comunidad de Madrid [Tesis doctoral, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid]. Biblos-e Archivo. http://hdl.handle.net/10486/4872

Not published:

Surname, N. of dissertation author. (Year). Title of dissertation in italics [unpublished dissertation]. Name of university.

Fernández González, A. (2010). La inteligencia emocional como variable predictora de adaptación psicosocial en estudiantes de la Comunidad de Madrid [Tesis doctoral inédita]. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.

Documents published on web sites

Author. (date of most recent update). Title of the document in italics: Subheading in italics. Name of web site. URL

World Health Organization [WHO]. (November 17, 2021). Salud mental del adolescente. WHO international. https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health

Format of regulations and caselaw sections

This format is required for Chilean regulations and caselaw.

Regulations and instruments

This section must be presented alphabetically by type of regulation, and within each type the order will be chronological.

In citing foreign regulations, the relevant official system of reference (if any) will be used for identification.

If preferred, to distinguish national, foreign, and international regulations, separate sections may be created.

If for clarity concerns or the scope of your writing you need to add information about the document, include that information in the reference before the link. For any other category which applies to several documents, prefer the creation of separate sections instead of adding more information to the reference.

Constitution

Codes

Supreme decrees/Uncodified laws

Decrees / ordinances / agreements / resolutions

Treaties and other agreements

General Court Decisions

Caselaw

In citing foreign or international caselaw, the reference system used by the original courts will be used.

To differentiate domestic, foreign, and international caselaw, different sections may be created. For any other difference, create different sections instead of adding more information to the reference.

If there is an official, open-access link to the document, include it.

Judgments

Judgments will be ordered alphabetically as per the court that entered them and, within the same court, chronologically by date of issue.

International Law

Acronyms

A list of the acronyms used in the text will be included, even if they are widely known. See official acronyms on the Constitutional Court web site (http://e.tribunalconstitucional.cl/leyorganica/abreviaturas).